Regenerative Medicine Atlanta

Regenerative Medicine in Atlanta.

Call (404) 772-8355

Soccer athlete, orthobiologics in focus
Regenerative Medicine Regenerative Medicine Common in soccer, running, and tennis
Quick answer

Is there an injection that regenerates cartilage?

There is no injection proven to regenerate lost cartilage. Any page that says otherwise is ahead of the data.

What these biologic injections target is a bit narrower and a bit more humble. They attempt to modify the environment surrounding an injured joint or tendon in order to reduce pain and improve function.

The language of regenerative medicine obscures that distinction. Orthobiologics are derived from a patient's blood, bone marrow or fat, and the idea behind them is called "signaling." Platelets and bone marrow cells secrete proteins involved in the inflammatory and healing process. Increasing their levels in a painful joint is supposed to change that process. Changing a process is different from creating a new joint surface. What cells do in a petri dish is not what they will necessarily do in a knee.

Cartilage is a challenging tissue to work with. It has almost no blood supply, a state doctors call avascular, and that is why it heals so poorly. That's also why the surgical treatments for a cartilage injury are what they are. They trim the damaged area, irritate the underlying bone so healing cells can reach it, or transfer healthy tissue from another spot.

None of those approaches can be performed via injection. They are surgical procedures that are appropriate for treating a focal defect rather than a diffusely worn joint.

So the useful questions are narrower. Where is the pain actually coming from? How advanced is the wear? And does good clinical data support a biologic for that exact condition? Depending on the diagnosis, the answer is sometimes reasonable and sometimes far too early. The rest of this page is for sorting that out.

What orthobiologics are, and how they work

"Orthobiologics" is the term used by clinicians to describe a series of therapies that employ biological materials to modulate healing or inflammation around a joint, tendon, or ligament. The materials typically come from the patient's own body, but the category includes various therapies. Within that category, the composition, collection, and processing of the material vary, as well as the amount of human research supporting its efficacy for specific diagnoses.

Platelet-based, prepared from your blood.

The sample is spun in a centrifuge so the platelets separate out. Then the concentrated part is put back in at the sore structure. Platelets clot, but they also have signaling proteins that are used in repair. That concentrate is PRP, and PRP injections are the most studied option in this family, though the research is strong for only some diagnoses. Systems differ on how much they filter out and what they filter out, which means that two products with the same name are not always the same product.

Marrow-based and fat-based, prepared from your own tissue.

BMAC stands for bone marrow aspirate concentrate, which consists of marrow that has been extracted from the pelvis using a needle and then refined to create a mixture of platelets, proteins, and cells. The second, called microfragmented adipose tissue (MFAT), is similar in preparation except it uses a small amount of your fat as its starting material. BMAC and MFAT both contain far fewer stem cells than the marketing suggests, which is why stem cell therapy spells out what the term does and does not mean here.

Peptide-based, made in a laboratory rather than from you.

Peptides are short chains of amino acids; some occur naturally in the body, some exist as prescription drugs, and others are sold over the internet for recovery uses with little human evidence behind them.

Knowing something is a peptide tells you almost nothing by itself, and the research on these compounds for tendon and joint recovery is thin.

Additionally, a competitive athlete faces an anti-doping question as well as a medical question. Peptide therapy sets out where that evidence stands.

Two more things live under the same label. Surgical grafts, membranes, and blood products used during an operation are biologic too, and they belong to the operation rather than an office visit. And shockwave, an energy-based treatment that sends sound waves into a painful tendon, sits on some regenerative medicine menus even though nothing is injected.

What insurance covers

Whether you have coverage depends on your plan and on the particular service, since there are two distinct services here.

First, there is an evaluation consisting of the office visit, examination, and any ordered tests including imaging studies; coverage for this part of the encounter follows the usual orthopedic benefits.

Second, there is the biologic procedure which has its own coverage criteria, and plans vary widely as to how they categorize these procedures.

No biologic can even be planned without a specific diagnosis, so the evaluation comes first regardless of what coverage exists for any later procedure. Your first phone call should ask about the orthopedic visit, not the biologic.

Before scheduling, call the member services number listed on the back of your insurance card. Ask whether a referral is required to see an orthopedic specialist. Ask whether imaging requires pre-authorization. And ask how the plan categorizes the specific procedure by name, since the answer will vary for each biologic. Request that information in writing if possible.

There is one more question you should ask during this phone call, though it is not strictly an insurance question. Ask whether the specific product is approved for the intended application. It could instead be investigational, or sold through another mechanism. A registered study, an entry in a clinical trials registry, and FDA approval to sell are all separate concepts. Adjectives such as "natural" and "cellular" are not relevant. Bring what you learn to the visit: when you request an appointment, the benefit question is already answered before treatment ever comes up. If a plan puts a biologic outside its benefits, that is information worth having early, because it shapes the conversation you and your surgeon will have.

Weightlifter at the bottom of a front-rack squat with a loaded barbell, shoulders, elbows, knees and ankles glowing blue against a dark studio background

Which treatment fits which problem

What's appropriate depends on your problem, so the list below is organized by problem rather than by product. The order the visit runs in follows this as well. This is not a substitute for an exam.

One principle sits under all five: diagnosis drives treatment, not product. A biologic belongs inside a plan that also includes rehab, load management, and the standard options. The plan carries a clear objective and a re-evaluation point. Where the data is thin, the honest move is to say so without pretending the option does not exist.

  • An arthritic knee that has not settled with the usual measures.

    This is where the research is deepest, and even then, it's not quite a rebuilt joint. Reviews have found more supporting evidence for PRP injections in selected knee arthritis than for most other uses. The marrow and fat preparations behind stem cell therapy have also been studied mostly in the knee. Some trials found symptom relief, but not clearly more than the comparison injection.

  • A tendon that has stayed sore for months.

    The other area of focus for the research is chronic tendon injuries, specifically at the outer elbow and below the kneecap. One treatment for these injuries is platelet-rich plasma; another is shockwave therapy, which doesn't inject anything. Instead, it sends sound waves through the skin over the painful tendon (despite the name, it's not electrical).

  • A recovery product you read about online.

    It's typically listed under peptide therapy. The compounds advertised have been tested in cells or in animals, not in human bones and joints. There is no solid safety data, product purity varies widely, and the ones available for rehabilitation are banned for competitive athletes. Words such as compounded, research grade, and naturally occurring don't fill this void.

  • A steroid injection you would rather not repeat.

    Cortisone will reduce the symptoms of inflammation without actually healing the inflamed tissue.

    The alternatives to cortisone injections are a separate question altogether. Which product goes in that slot is based on the nature of the affected tissue and the stage of injury, not on brand preference.

  • A structure that has genuinely failed.

    Complete tears, unstable joints, fractures, or infections are mechanical or acute issues. A biologic cannot knit a joint together, repair a torn tendon, or resolve an infection. A biologic is not a replacement for the surgery that such conditions require.

How Atlanta Sports Medicine Institute uses orthobiologics

These are choices, not cures for every aching joint. It depends on your precise diagnosis, the tissue being treated, what you hope to achieve, and what the data suggests will work for those factors. That's intentional. A treatment marketed as fixing everything attracts patients who never got a diagnosis.

The order never changes: a diagnosis first, built on history, exam, and imaging likely to alter the plan. Next come the standard options: exercise, modifications to activity and load, braces, surgery if the anatomy requires it. A biologic is added as one component of the overall plan, with a defined objective and a reassessment timepoint.

What are we trying to achieve? That question keeps things real. These products are evaluated on symptom reduction and functional improvement. Enhancing healing after a surgical procedure is another thing altogether with a different set of data. And neither should be taken as predictive of what an MRI will reveal down the road. Mixing up those ideas helped give this discipline its reputation. The biologic's role inside the larger strategy is a joint preservation answer to a joint preservation question: keep the native joint as long as possible, and reach for the option that honors the tissue rather than the one that sounds most sophisticated. That is not a product list; it is experience. Nearly two decades of orthopedic surgical practice shaped by professional sports medicine experience. Authored more than 15 peer-reviewed publications.

Atlanta patients often arrive having read a great deal about orthobiologics, yet no one has ever explained the differences between one product and another. Much of a first visit goes to sorting exactly that. If you want to know whether any of it applies to your diagnosis, request an appointment and start with the examination.

Lifter hinged over a loaded barbell in a deadlift setup, shoulders, elbows, forearms and ankles glowing blue against a dark studio background
Your appointment

Start with clarity about your joint.

If pain is limiting the way you train, work, sleep, or move, an evaluation can turn uncertainty into a practical next-step plan.

Book an appointment →
  • A focused conversation

    Explain what you want to return to, not only what hurts.

  • A whole-joint assessment

    Look for the combination of findings that best explains the symptoms.

  • A clear next-step plan

    Understand the likely cause, whether imaging helps, and what comes next.

Atlanta Sports Medicine Institute

Care built around diagnosis, clarity, and durable function.

Atlanta Sports Medicine Institute helps active patients understand what may be driving their symptoms and compare appropriate treatment paths. The experience should be precise, understandable, and tied to the activities each patient wants to return to.

Diagnosis before treatment assumptions Nonsurgical and surgical options discussed in context Clear expectations without guaranteed outcomes A plan shaped by function, goals, and the structures involved
FAQ

Common questions.

Book an appointment →
What are orthobiologics for osteoarthritis?

They're injections made from your own blood, bone marrow or fat, which are injected into an arthritic joint to reduce pain and improve function. The best-studied of these therapies for arthritis is platelet-rich plasma, while the bone marrow and fat ones have primarily been studied in the knee. What's true for a knee isn't necessarily true for a hip or a shoulder. They're not a substitute for lost cartilage. A trial may demonstrate that patients improved in pain and function, but doesn't show any improvement on joint imaging. The combination of those two outcomes is commonly reported in one breath when it shouldn't be. Where the arthritis is advanced, it's even more important to recognize the distinction.

Is PRP an orthobiologic?

Yes, and it is the most common one. The PRP is derived from a sample of your blood instead of a pharmaceutical, and that's what makes it an orthobiologic. The sample gets spun down, and that's how the platelets become concentrated. The platelets are the source of the growth factors that PRP treatments are based on. There's a bit of a range, however. Different systems draw different amounts of blood, and have different levels of platelet concentration in the final product. Different amounts of white cells may be included. It's important to ask, because results reported for one system do not necessarily apply to another.

Which orthobiologic treatments does Atlanta Sports Medicine Institute offer?

This site covers five: platelet-rich plasma, stem cell therapy (the marrow and fat preparations the term usually means), peptide therapy, shockwave therapy, and the alternatives to a steroid injection. Each has its own page explaining what the treatment is, who it may fit, and where the evidence stands. The question of which treatment applies to you can only be answered at the visit. It depends on your diagnosis and how much structural damage already exists, which the examination and imaging decide. Reading these pages first just makes that conversation faster and better.

Ready to be seen? Book an appointment.

Tell us what is bothering you and we will get you in front of the right person.